The United States and Japan have established a joint policy framework to secure and diversify the supply chains of critical minerals and rare earths. Commodities known for being essential for producing advanced technologies such as batteries, semiconductors, and clean energy systems. The agreement aims to reduce dependence on unstable or monopolized sources by promoting cooperation in mining, processing, and recycling of these materials.
Under this framework, both nations will coordinate public and private investments through grants, loans, guarantees, and offtake agreements to support strategic mining and processing projects. A bilateral “Mining, Minerals, and Metals Investment Ministerial” will be held within 180 days to identify priorities and foster collaboration among government officials and industry stakeholders.
The framework also includes plans to accelerate permitting, develop transparent pricing mechanisms, and combat unfair trade practices in the critical minerals market. Additionally, both countries commit to investing in recycling technologies, geological mapping, and creating a “Rapid Response Group” to address supply chain vulnerabilities
While the framework outlines a detailed roadmap for cooperation, it is non-binding and does not create legal obligations. Instead, it serves as a strategic action plan to enhance economic security, technological competitiveness, and national resilience in the face of growing global demand for critical resources.
Reference
The White House. (2025, 28 octubre). United States – Japan Framework for Securing the Supply of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths through Mining and Processing. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/2025/10/united-states-japan-framework-for-securing-the-supply-of-critical-minerals-and-rare-earths-through-mining-and-processing/